posted on 2011-09-01, 00:00authored byPaul S. Goodman
The 19'70s have witnessed a rapid proliferation of planned organizational interventions (Goodman and Lawler, 1977). The goals of these efforts have been to increase productivity for the organization and to improve the working life of the employee. Economic recession, inflation, the declining value of the dollar, lower productivity rates, the changing composition of the work force, and shifts in worker values and life styles have stimulated the search for more effective organizational designs.