Towards real-time GOMS

Abstract: "We present an analysis of an expert performing a highly interactive computer task. The analysis uses GOMS models, specifying the Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules used by the expert; the GOMS models are implemented within an unified theory of cognition called Soar. Two models are presented, one with function-level operators which perform high- level functions in the domain, and one with keystroke-level operators which describe hand movements. For a segment of behavior in which the expert accomplished about 30 functions in about 30 seconds, the function-level model predicted the observed behavior well, while the keystroke-level model predicted only about half of the observed hand movements. These results, including the discrepancy between the models, are discussed."