Cerebral
autoregulation ensures continuous blood supply to brain tissue despite changes
in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Neurovascular coupling, the spatial and
temporal relationship between neurons and the vasculature, relies on sufficient
blood flow to meet neuronal demands during activation. These mechanisms break
down in pathological situations, such as traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus,
and stroke, where extreme levels of CPP can cause dysregulation in cerebral blood
flow. Here, we experimentally tested the influence of cerebral autoregulatory
impairment on neurovascular coupling by altering CPP in a hydrocephalus-like
animal model. We recorded local neural and vascular evoked responses to visual stimuli,
non-invasively, using electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared
spectroscopy (NIRS). Both, evoked neural and vascular responses, show changes with
CPP. We also studied the coupling between these evoked responses by evaluating
a hemodynamic response function (HRF). We found that the HRF shape changes with
CPP and shows neurovascular coupling alterations linked to the state of
autoregulatory health. Our study provides preliminary experimental evidence on
the effect of cerebral dysregulation on neurovascular coupling, relating two
cerebral phenomena that can be leveraged to improve patient prognosis in
cerebral pathologies.
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Acharya, Deepshikha; Ruesch, Alexander; Schmitt, Samantha; Yang, Jason; Smith, Matthew; Kainerstorfer, Jana (2022). Changes in neurovascular coupling with cerebral perfusion pressure indicate a link to cerebral autoregulation. figshare. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5498115.v2